{"id":61,"date":"2023-03-27T00:32:00","date_gmt":"2023-03-26T21:32:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kesikkalem.com\/index.php\/2023\/03\/27\/lumumba\/"},"modified":"2024-03-17T00:14:38","modified_gmt":"2024-03-16T21:14:38","slug":"lumumba","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kesikkalem.com\/index.php\/2023\/03\/27\/lumumba\/","title":{"rendered":"Lumumba"},"content":{"rendered":"

 Lumumba<\/span><\/p>\n


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33 ya\u015f\u0131nda siyasete at\u0131lan, 35 ya\u015f\u0131nda ba\u015fbakan olan, bu g\u00f6revi iki ay yapt\u0131ktan sonra g\u00f6revinden al\u0131n\u0131p tutuklanan, i\u015fkence g\u00f6ren ve \u00f6l\u00fcs\u00fcne bile tahamm\u00fcl edilemeyip asitle eritilip yok edilen bir ki\u015fidir, Patrice Lumumba. Onun hikayesini de bizlere H\u0131fz\u0131 Topuz, Lumumba – Kara Afrika’da \u0130\u015fkenceyle \u00d6ld\u00fcr\u00fclen \u0130lk Ba\u015fbakan<\/b> adl\u0131 kitab\u0131yla anlat\u0131yor. <\/span><\/p>\n


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Patrice Lumumba, o Kara Afrika’n\u0131n herhangi bir \u00fclkesindeki talihsiz liderlerden biri idi. Nas\u0131l olurda iki ay gibi k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre ba\u015fbakanl\u0131k yapan birisine tahamm\u00fcl edilemez. Kimin tavu\u011funa k\u0131\u015ft dedi ya da kurtlarla dost olmaya m\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131?  Onu hangi duygu, hangi inan\u00e7, hangi felsefe, hangi saiklerle, cesedine bile tahamm\u00fcl edemeyecek kadar bir h\u0131n\u00e7la  ortadan kald\u0131rd\u0131lar. Evet ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. H\u0131fz\u0131 Topuz da bu kitab\u0131yla o d\u00f6nemi anlatmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. <\/span><\/p>\n


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H\u0131fz\u0131 Topuz, kitab\u0131nda “Peki ne yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r Lumumba?”,  “Ne su\u00e7 i\u015flemi\u015ftir?” diyerek Lumumba’n\u0131n su\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 (?!) anlat\u0131yor. Beyazlar taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilen ve hi\u00e7bir hakka sahip olmayan kara derili insanlar\u0131n da “insan” oldu\u011funu ve beyazlar gibi haklara sahip olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini y\u00fcksek sesle seslendiren; beyazlar\u0131n \u00fclkesine fayda sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 lakin art\u0131k ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir \u015fekilde kendileri taraf\u0131ndan kararlar al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyip s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecili\u011fe kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6l\u00fcm ferman\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lan bir ki\u015fiden bahsediyor. K\u0131sacas\u0131, Kara Afrika’da Kongo milliyet\u00e7isi, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k yanl\u0131s\u0131; s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcye kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kan bir ki\u015fiden bahsediyor ve  H\u0131fz\u0131 Topuz, “tan\u0131mal\u0131y\u0131z b\u00f6yle bir insan\u0131 (s.8)” diyerek de bir mesaj veriyor. <\/span><\/p>\n


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O, Bel\u00e7ika Kongosu’nun, Kongo’nun ve Zaire’nin ilk ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Patrice Lumumba’d\u0131r. O, ” Biz Afrikal\u0131y\u0131z ve Afrikal\u0131 kalaca\u011f\u0131z. Bizim de \u00f6teki uluslar kadar soylu bir felsefemiz, geleneklerimiz var” (s.19) diyerek \u00f6l\u00fcme y\u00fcr\u00fcyendir. O, “Kongo’nun ancak birlik ve beraberlik i\u00e7inde ekonomik ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131kla ta\u00e7land\u0131r\u0131lan bir kalk\u0131nma hamlesiyle ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z, \u00f6zg\u00fcr ve halk\u0131n refah\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015facak bir y\u00f6netim ile ilerleyece\u011fine inanan bir ki\u015fidir”.  <\/span><\/p>\n


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Kitap zaman \u00e7izelgesi i\u00e7inde; do\u011fdu\u011fu yer, tarih, ailesi, \u00e7evresi, dini inanc\u0131, kabilesi, e\u011fitimi, i\u015fi, okuma tutkusu, siyasi hayat\u0131, d\u00fc\u015fleri ile k\u0131saca Lumumba’n\u0131n d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131 anlat\u0131yor. K\u0131sa ya\u015fam\u0131 ve anl\u0131k ba\u015fbakanl\u0131k s\u00fcresinde ya\u015fananlara, dostlara, d\u00fc\u015fmanlara, m\u00fccadelesine bak\u0131l\u0131yor. Kongo’da s\u00f6m\u00fcrgeci g\u00fc\u00e7lerle iyi ge\u00e7inmesi varken, “\u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k, hak, birlikten” bahsederek oklar\u0131 \u00fczerine \u00e7ekerek \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclen bir ba\u015fbakand\u0131r o. H\u0131fz\u0131 Topuz, ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan yeni belgeler do\u011frultusunda kitab\u0131n\u0131 yeniden d\u00fczenleyerek 1987 y\u0131l\u0131nda okurla tekrar bulu\u015fturuyor. Lumumba \u00fczerinden Afrika ve Kongo’nun da tarihine bak\u0131larak, s\u00f6m\u00fcrgeci g\u00fc\u00e7lerin ve \u00f6zellikle \u00e7ok uluslu \u015firketlerin \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 do\u011frultusunda yapt\u0131klar\u0131 faaliyetlere de bak\u0131l\u0131yor. Buradan hareketle yeni s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecili\u011fin nas\u0131l komprador “insan yeti\u015ftirdiklerini” de anlat\u0131l\u0131yor. Lumumba’n\u0131n k\u0131sa siyasi ya\u015fam\u0131nda i\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f d\u00fc\u015fmanlar haricinde s\u00f6ylemlerini de H\u0131fz\u0131 Topuz irdeliyor. Nerede hata yapt\u0131 ya da h\u0131zl\u0131 ko\u015fup birilerinin g\u00f6z\u00fcne mi batt\u0131 sorular\u0131n\u0131 da cevapl\u0131yor. Ayr\u0131ca Lumumba’y\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrenler haricinde, onun arkas\u0131ndaki g\u00fc\u00e7lerden de bahsediyor.<\/span><\/p>\n


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Kitab\u0131 bitirdi\u011fimde, emperyalist g\u00fc\u00e7lerin kendi \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 do\u011frultusunda her t\u00fcrl\u00fc pisli\u011fi, kompradorlarla beraber d\u00fcn de bug\u00fcn de ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fcklerine g\u00f6rmekteyiz. Asya, Afrika, Ortado\u011fu, Avrupa, Kuzey, Orta, G\u00fcney Amerika \u00fclkelerin tarihlerine bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, bunun \u00e7ok say\u0131da \u00f6rne\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir. Genelde devlet ba\u015fkanlar\u0131 u\u00e7ak kazas\u0131 ile \u00f6l\u00fcrken, burada \u00e7ok daha farkl\u0131 bir durumla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kal\u0131n\u0131r: \u00d6ld\u00fcrd\u00fckten sonra cesedini asitle yok etmek. Bel\u00e7ika devletinin kontrol etti\u011fi ve daha sonra \u00e7\u0131kan belgeler ile de ABD’nin CIA’s\u0131n\u0131n da i\u015fe kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 organize bir durumdan bahsediliyor. Lumumba’y\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcren zihniyet \u015feklen olmasa bile ruhen hala ya\u015f\u0131yor. <\/span><\/p>\n


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1960’lar\u0131n \u015fartlar\u0131nda, 3 farkl\u0131 siyasi olu\u015fum etraf\u0131ndan \u015fekillenen \u00fclkeler i\u00e7inde \u00f6zellikle Bat\u0131’n\u0131n s\u00f6m\u00fcrgesi alt\u0131nda ezilen Afrika devletlerinde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan her t\u00fcrl\u00fc “hak arama, milliyet\u00e7ilik” fikri, Bat\u0131’n\u0131n g\u00f6z\u00fcnde “kom\u00fcnist”  olmakla e\u015fde\u011fer bir durumu ifade ediyordu. Lumumba da kendini anlat\u0131rken:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00abTekrar s\u00f6yl\u00fcyorum, kom\u00fcnist de\u011filim. Hepinize hat\u0131rlat\u0131r\u0131m, b\u00fct\u00fcn ailem katolik kilisesinde evlenmi\u015ftir. \u00c7ocuklar\u0131m Leopoldville’de papazlar\u0131n okulunda okuyor.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00abAfrika’da kim ilerici ise, kim halktan yana ve emperyalistlere kar\u015f\u0131 ise ona kom\u00fcnist ve Moskova ajan\u0131 denir. Ama kim emperyalistlerden yanaysa, kim Bat\u0131ya gidip ceplerini doldurmu\u015fsa o \u00f6rnek bir adamd\u0131r. Taparlar \u00f6yle ki\u015filere\u2026 (s.139)” diyerek \u00fczerine at\u0131l\u0131 su\u00e7lamay\u0131 reddeder. Bu zaman i\u00e7inde b\u00f6lgesel ve k\u00fcresel g\u00fc\u00e7 \u00e7eki\u015fmelerinin de bilinmesinde fayda var. <\/span><\/p>\n


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Benim dikkatimi \u00e7eken ise ajanslara d\u00fc\u015fen \u015fu haberle https:\/\/bit.ly\/40w18Oy<\/a> ba\u015flad\u0131. \u00c7o\u011fu ki\u015finin duymad\u0131\u011f\u0131, g\u00f6rmedi\u011fi, bilmedi\u011fi bir durumdu. Lakin insanl\u0131k tarihi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir olayd\u0131. Siyasi tarihe merakl\u0131 ki\u015filer taraf\u0131ndan dikkatle takip edilip Lumumba’n\u0131n k\u0131sa da olsa tekrar g\u00fcndeme gelmesini sa\u011flad\u0131. Haber de ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar da mevcuttu. Bu olay bizlere yak\u0131n zamanda S. Arabistan konsoloslu\u011fu i\u00e7inde s\u00fclfirik asitle eritilip \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc s\u00f6ylenen bir gazetecin durumuyla da benzerlik ta\u015f\u0131yor. Peki Cemal Ka\u015f\u0131k\u00e7a da durum nedir, onu da ilerde tarih yazacak. <\/span><\/p>\n


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Ben Lumumba ad\u0131n\u0131 ilk kez televizyonda yay\u0131mlanan “Lumumba” adl\u0131 filmle duymu\u015ftum (https:\/\/bit.ly\/3Zfizly<\/a> Gazete kup\u00fcr\u00fc bana aittir). Afrika’da ya\u015fanan soyk\u0131r\u0131mlarda \u00f6zellikle Fransa ve Bel\u00e7ika’n\u0131n her daim parma\u011f\u0131 olur. Bunu Frans\u0131zca yay\u0131mlar\u0131nda da g\u00f6rmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn (T\u00fcrk\u00e7ede fazla \u00e7eviri olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in bize uzak kal\u0131yor. Frans\u0131zca bilenler ise makale ve kitaplarla o d\u00f6nemi daha rahat bir \u015fekilde okuyabiliyor) <\/span><\/p>\n


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Kitab\u0131 2022’de okudu\u011fum halde d\u00fcnden bug\u00fcne \u00e7ok fazla \u015feyin de\u011fi\u015fmedi\u011fini ve  hatta yumak halinde b\u00fcy\u00fcyerek devam etti\u011fi de g\u00f6rmekteyiz. Lumumba’y\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcme g\u00f6t\u00fcren zaman\u0131n cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Joseph Kasavubu; \u00f6nce genel kurmay ba\u015fkan\u0131 daha sonra ise cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 olan Mobutu Sese Seko ve di\u011ferlerinin ruhlar\u0131 hala karanl\u0131k dehlizlerde s\u00fcrek av\u0131nda. <\/span><\/p>\n


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Kitap hakk\u0131nda notlar:<\/span><\/p>\n


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++ Bu kitap ilk olarak 1964 y\u0131l\u0131nda, daha sonra elde edilen yeni bilgiler do\u011frultusunda 1987 y\u0131l\u0131nda yeni ba\u015ftan d\u00fczenlenerek yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f. Kitab\u0131n bask\u0131s\u0131 yok, ancak sahaflarda ya da e-kitap olarak internette bulunabilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

++ H\u0131fz\u0131 Topuz BM’de g\u00f6revli olarak 1962 – 63 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda orada bulunmu\u015f ve kitab\u0131n i\u00e7ine kendi g\u00f6zlemlerini de eklemi\u015f.<\/span><\/p>\n

++ 1961 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclen Lumumba’n\u0131n 1964 y\u0131l\u0131nda T\u00fcrk\u00e7e yay\u0131mlanan bu hikayesi olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemli.<\/span><\/p>\n

++ Yazar Frans\u0131zca kaynaklardan yararlanarak bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 olu\u015fturmu\u015f.<\/span><\/p>\n

++ Kitab\u0131n arka sayfalar\u0131nda foto\u011fraflarla sonras\u0131na da bak\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/span><\/p>\n

++ \u00dclke Bel\u00e7ika Kongosu, Kongo Cumhuriyeti ve Zaire olarak da farkl\u0131 d\u00f6nemlerde farkl\u0131 isimler kullanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

++ \u0130nternette Lumumba konusuyla ilgili \u00e7ok say\u0131da bilgi mevcut. \u00d6zellikle yabanc\u0131 dil bilenler i\u00e7in umman say\u0131labilir. Maalesef T\u00fcrk\u00e7e olarak \u00e7ok fazla yay\u0131n \u00e7\u0131km\u0131yor. \u00d6zellikle tarih dergileri ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda yay\u0131mlar\u0131n, at g\u00f6zl\u00fcklerini \u00e7\u0131kartarak ara\u015ft\u0131rma konular\u0131na da sayfalar\u0131na yer a\u00e7malar\u0131 biraz daha fayda sa\u011flayabilir. <\/span><\/p>\n

++ Okudu\u011fum e-kitap Y\u00f6n Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k, 1987 tarihlidir.<\/span><\/p>\n

++ Lumumba filmi i\u00e7in (\u0130ngilizce alt yaz\u0131l\u0131) buraya bak\u0131n\u0131z: https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=6wkQnxbNfnM<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

++ T\u00fcrk\u00e7e alt yaz\u0131l\u0131 izlemek i\u00e7in buraya bak\u0131n\u0131z: https:\/\/ugurfilm3.com\/lumumba\/2\/<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

++ Patrice Lumumba 1925 y\u0131l\u0131nda do\u011fdu, 1961 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/span><\/p>\n

++ Le Congo, terre d’avenir, est-il menac\u00e9? Adl\u0131 kitab\u0131 1961’de yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

++ Lumumba’ya destek olmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131p mektup yazarak dikkatli olmas\u0131n\u0131 isteyen ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7eye “Emperyalizmin Son A\u015famas\u0131 – Yeni S\u00f6m\u00fcrgecilik” adl\u0131 kitab\u0131n da yazar\u0131 olan Ganal\u0131 siyaset\u00e7i Kwame Nkrumah’\u0131n bu kitab\u0131 da okunmaya de\u011fer.<\/span><\/p>\n

++ H\u0131fz\u0131 Topuz, 1923 do\u011fumlu gazeteci, yazard\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n


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Ezc\u00fcmle: Bu kitab\u0131 18 Eyl\u00fcl 2022’de okudum. Bu yaz ise 1000Kitap<\/a> sitesine 26 Mart 2023 tarihinde eklendi. Tavsiye ediyorum.<\/span><\/p>\n

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 Lumumba 33 ya\u015f\u0131nda siyasete at\u0131lan, 35 ya\u015f\u0131nda ba\u015fbakan olan, bu g\u00f6revi iki ay yapt\u0131ktan sonra g\u00f6revinden al\u0131n\u0131p tutuklanan, i\u015fkence g\u00f6ren ve \u00f6l\u00fcs\u00fcne bile tahamm\u00fcl edilemeyip asitle eritilip yok edilen bir ki\u015fidir, Patrice Lumumba. Onun hikayesini de bizlere H\u0131fz\u0131 Topuz, Lumumba – Kara Afrika’da \u0130\u015fkenceyle \u00d6ld\u00fcr\u00fclen \u0130lk Ba\u015fbakan adl\u0131 kitab\u0131yla anlat\u0131yor.  Patrice Lumumba, o Kara Afrika’n\u0131n… Daha fazlas\u0131n\u0131 oku »Lumumba<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","_ti_tpc_template_sync":false,"_ti_tpc_template_id":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[268,267,265,266,264,44],"tags":[414,415,419,417,416,418],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kesikkalem.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kesikkalem.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kesikkalem.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kesikkalem.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kesikkalem.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=61"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kesikkalem.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":183,"href":"https:\/\/kesikkalem.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61\/revisions\/183"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kesikkalem.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=61"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kesikkalem.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=61"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kesikkalem.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=61"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}